Cyrus Cylinder :The first bill of Human rights in the world



The Cyrus Cylinder (Persian: منشور کوروش) is an ancient clay cylinder, now broken into several fragments, on which is written a declaration in Akkadian cuneiform script in the name of Persia's Achaemenid king Cyrus the Great.
The first recorded history of Iran begins with Cyrus the Great who laid the foundation of the mighty Achaemenian empire(अजमीढ़ साम्राज्य) Cyrus (born 599 B.C.) has been referred to by scholars and historians as "the most outstanding person of the ancient world" and architect of the first "world empire".
Despite the vastness of his empire and the strength of his army, Cyrus remained a benevolent and tolerant king. In an age seeped in cruelty, slavery and the law of "might is right", he gave humanity the first bill of "Human Rights", declaring, among others, man's right to freedom of religion, opinion, expression and free movement.
Cyrus ruled his empire wisely and justly. Law and order was so strictly observed that it gave rise to the phrase, "The Laws of the Medes and the Persians"(Daniel VI, 8) or laws that were immutable.
Cyrus liberated the Jews by conquering Babylon and even helped them to rebuild the temple of Solomon with funds from Persian coffers.
After Cyrus, Darius ascended the throne. His empire extended from the river Danube in Europe to the river Indus in India and from central Asia to the north-eastern parts of Africa, comprising 23 great nations of the ancient world.
Ages before Ferdinand de Lesseps thought of the Suez Canal, Darius connected the Red Sea to the Mediterranean Sea by means of a canal to stimulate trade and commerce. He pioneered the world's first postal service. In fact, Herodotus notes, "Nothing mortal travels so fast as these Persian messengers."
Darius also built Persepolis which was further developed by his son
Xerxes( क्षयार्षा), , but also destroyed in a drunken fit by Alexander whom the Persians, even today, regard as the accursed. After the fall of the Achaemenian empire, there was chaos for some time and a weak attempt was made by the Parthians to revive the ancient glory of Persia. This, however, was achieved in a large measure by the Sasanian kings, starting with its founder, Ardishir. The Sasanian king, Shapur, also defeated the Great Roman Emperor, Valerian, and the empire of Khusroo Perviz was almost as large as that of Darius the Great of the Achaemenian dynasty.

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